diff --git a/composer-update-tags.php b/composer-update-tags.php
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b5957a40a6f56da666a43bbdbb0e0a46cf62f0f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/composer-update-tags.php
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env php
+<?php
+
+/**
+ * @file
+ * This is a CLI script which updates composer.json in the current directory.
+ *
+ * Any entries pointing to a development branch of a WCMS project will instead
+ * point to the latest tag.
+ */
+
+// Exit if not CLI.
+if (php_sapi_name() !== 'cli') {
+  header('Content-Type: text/plain');
+  echo "This can only be run from the CLI.\n";
+  exit(1);
+}
+
+// Exit if currect directory is not a clone of uw_base_profile.
+if (!is_dir('.git') || !is_file('composer.json')) {
+  echo "This must be run in a clone of uw_base_profile for WCMS 3.\n";
+  exit(1);
+}
+
+require_once 'uw_wcms_tools.lib.inc';
+
+echo "Updating composer.json...\n";
+
+// Go through the composer.json, updating each line that contains a reference to
+// a development branch.
+$composer_file = file('composer.json');
+foreach ($composer_file as &$line) {
+  // Only act on modules in this group.
+  $group = 'wcms';
+  // Match line from composer.json. Example: "wcms/uw_cfg_common": "dev-1.0.x",
+  // Match line whether version is set to a tag or branch with "dev-" prefix.
+  // Skip if line does not match.
+  if (!preg_match('/(\s*"' . $group . '\/)([a-z0-9_]+)(": ")(dev-)?([0-9.x]+)(",\s*)/', $line, $matches)) {
+    continue;
+  }
+  $module = $matches[2];
+  $branch = $matches[5];
+
+  $latest_tag = uw_wcms_tools_get_tag_latest($group . '/' . $module, $branch);
+  if ($latest_tag) {
+    $new_line = $matches[1] . $module . $matches[3] . $latest_tag->name . $matches[6];
+    echo $module . ($line === $new_line ? ' already at ' : ' setting to ') . $latest_tag->name . "\n";
+    $line = $new_line;
+  }
+  else {
+    echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color('Warning: No tag, left on branch: ' . $module . ".\n", 'red');
+  }
+}
+file_put_contents('composer.json', $composer_file);
+
+echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Done.\n", 'green');
diff --git a/gitlab-make-semvar.php b/gitlab-make-semvar.php
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a803cf4b13b6cb96356a61bbd7646996acb07106
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitlab-make-semvar.php
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env php
+<?php
+
+/**
+ * @file
+ * Create semvar branches for any 8.x branches in GitLab projects.
+ */
+
+require_once 'devops/uw_devops.inc';
+require_once 'uw_wcms_tools.gitlab.inc';
+
+$_uw_wcms_tools_usage = 'gitlab-make-semvar.php GITLAB-PATH
+Create semvar branches for any 8.x branches. Move the default to semvar. Provide
+either a GITLAB-PATH, such as "wcms/uw_base_profile" or "wcms" to do all in that
+group.';
+min_args($argv, 1);
+
+// Separate GITLAB-PATH.
+$arg = explode('/', $argv[1], 2);
+
+// Single project.
+if (count($arg) === 2) {
+  $project = uw_wcms_tools_get_project($arg[0], $arg[1]);
+  if (!$project) {
+    throw new Exception('Invalid project.');
+  }
+  $projects = [$project];
+}
+// All projects in a group.
+else {
+  $group = $arg[0];
+  $projects = uw_wcms_tools_get_projects($group)[$group];
+}
+
+foreach ($projects as $project) {
+  echo "\n";
+  echo $project->path_with_namespace . "\n";
+  uw_wcms_tools_create_semvar($project);
+}
diff --git a/gitlab-tag-release.php b/gitlab-tag-release.php
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..69ec54a3c7b0c42e5327bf969417ad93537d3d60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitlab-tag-release.php
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env php
+<?php
+
+/**
+ * @file
+ * Tag releases for GitLab projects.
+ */
+
+require_once 'devops/uw_devops.inc';
+require_once 'uw_wcms_tools.gitlab.inc';
+
+$_uw_wcms_tools_usage = 'gitlab-tag-release.php GITLAB-PATH|all
+Tag a release of a GitLab project. Provide a GITLAB-PATH, such as
+"wcms/uw_base_profile" or "all" to tag all WCMS projects in the profile.';
+min_args($argv, 1);
+
+if ($argv[1] === 'all') {
+  $projects = uw_wcms_tools_gitlab_get_profile_projects();
+  echo 'Tagging ' . count($projects) . " projects...\n";
+}
+else {
+  // Separate GITLAB-PATH.
+  $arg = explode('/', $argv[1], 2);
+
+  $projects = [
+    ['namespace' => $arg[0], 'path' => $arg[1]],
+  ];
+}
+
+foreach ($projects as $project) {
+  uw_wcms_tools_gitlab_tag_release($project['namespace'], $project['path']);
+}
diff --git a/uw_wcms_tools.gitlab.inc b/uw_wcms_tools.gitlab.inc
index c28da4c14ffd8f3d84f37248bba2bfd6149c1497..271f7199405908415274cf6ee3206da203fd1007 100644
--- a/uw_wcms_tools.gitlab.inc
+++ b/uw_wcms_tools.gitlab.inc
@@ -4,10 +4,11 @@
  * @file
  * Functions for interacting with the Gitlab API.
  *
+ * @see https://git.uwaterloo.ca/help/api/api_resources.md
+ * @see https://git.uwaterloo.ca/help/api/branches.md
+ * @see https://git.uwaterloo.ca/help/api/projects.md
  * @see https://git.uwaterloo.ca/help/api/README.md
  * @see https://git.uwaterloo.ca/help/api/services.md
- * @see https://git.uwaterloo.ca/help/api/projects.md
- * @see https://git.uwaterloo.ca/help/api/api_resources.md
  */
 
 require_once 'uw_wcms_tools.lib.inc';
@@ -221,8 +222,8 @@ function uw_wcms_tools_get_group($id): ?object {
 /**
  * Return the tag in a project which is highest accounting to version_compare().
  *
- * @param int $project_id
- *   The project ID of the project to search.
+ * @param int|string $project_id
+ *   The project ID or NAMESPACE/PROJECT_PATH of the project to search.
  * @param string $branch_filter
  *   If set to a Drupal branch name (e.g. "7.x-1.x"), remove tags that don't
  *   match (e.g. not like "7.x-1.1").
@@ -233,10 +234,10 @@ function uw_wcms_tools_get_group($id): ?object {
  *   The tag or NULL if there are no tags.
  */
 function uw_wcms_tools_get_tag_latest($project_id, $branch_filter = NULL, $full_release_only = FALSE) {
-  $project_id = (int) $project_id;
-  if ($project_id < 1) {
+  if (!preg_match('/^(\d+|[a-z0-9_]+\/[a-z0-9_]+)$/', $project_id)) {
     return;
   }
+  $project_id = urlencode($project_id);
 
   $tags = uw_wcms_tools_query_gitlab_api('projects/' . $project_id . '/repository/tags', array('per_page' => 100));
   $tags = $tags['body'];
@@ -253,13 +254,14 @@ function uw_wcms_tools_get_tag_latest($project_id, $branch_filter = NULL, $full_
   elseif (preg_match('/^\d+\.x$/', $branch_filter)) {
     $branch_filter = $branch_filter . '-';
   }
+  // Semvar filter. Whether given as 1.2.3 or 1.2.x, will filter as "1.2.".
+  elseif (preg_match('/^(\d+\.\d+\.)(x|\d+)$/', $branch_filter, $matches)) {
+    $branch_filter = $matches[1];
+  }
   // Filter on Drupal major core version only by setting it as integer.
   elseif (is_int($branch_filter)) {
     $branch_filter = $branch_filter . '.';
   }
-  else {
-    $branch_filter = NULL;
-  }
   if ($branch_filter) {
     foreach ($tags as $key => $value) {
       if (strpos($value->name, $branch_filter) !== 0) {
@@ -292,6 +294,30 @@ function uw_wcms_tools_get_tag_latest($project_id, $branch_filter = NULL, $full_
   return $latest;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Return the most recent value in an using version_compare().
+ *
+ * @param array $versions
+ *   An array of versions to compare.
+ *
+ * @return string|null
+ *   The most recent version or NULL if $versions is empty.
+ */
+function uw_wcms_tools_version_compare_array(array $versions): ?string {
+  if (!$versions) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  $latest = (string) array_shift($versions);
+  foreach ($versions as $version) {
+    $version = (string) $version;
+    if (version_compare($version, $latest, '>')) {
+      $latest = $version;
+    }
+  }
+  return $latest;
+}
+
 /**
  * Return the latest commits for the default branch of a project.
  *
@@ -503,3 +529,370 @@ function uw_wcms_tools_gitlab_project_create(string $group, string $path): array
 
   return $r;
 }
+
+/**
+ * Returns an array of branch objects in a project with caching.
+ *
+ * @param int $project_id
+ *   The project ID of the project to search.
+ *
+ * @return object[]|null
+ *   An array of branch objects or NULL on error.
+ */
+function uw_wcms_tools_get_branches(int $project_id): ?array {
+  if ($project_id < 1) {
+    return [];
+  }
+  static $cache = [];
+  if (!array_key_exists($project_id, $cache)) {
+    $query = ['per_page' => 100];
+    $result = uw_wcms_tools_query_gitlab_api('projects/' . $project_id . '/repository/branches', $query);
+    if ($result['http_status'] === 200) {
+      $cache[$project_id] = $result['body'];
+    }
+    else {
+      $cache[$project_id] = NULL;
+    }
+  }
+  return $cache[$project_id];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns an array of branch names in a project with caching.
+ *
+ * @param int $project_id
+ *   The project ID of the project to search.
+ *
+ * @return string[]|null
+ *   An array of branch names or NULL on error.
+ */
+function uw_wcms_tools_get_branch_names(int $project_id): ?array {
+  $branches = uw_wcms_tools_get_branches($project_id);
+  if ($branches) {
+    $branch_names = [];
+    foreach ($branches as $branch) {
+      $branch_names[] = $branch->name;
+    }
+    return $branch_names;
+  }
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Return a valid semvar version of a branch name.
+ *
+ * @param string $branch
+ *   The branch name.
+ *
+ * @return string|null
+ *   If $branch is a valid semvar, return it. If it is an "8.x" branch name,
+ *   return the semvar equivalent, for example, 8.x-2.x becomes 2.0.x.
+ *   Otherwise, return NULL.
+ */
+function uw_wcms_tools_get_semvar_branch_name(string $branch): ?string {
+  // Already a valid semvar branch.
+  if (preg_match('/^\d+\.\d+\.x$/', $branch)) {
+    return $branch;
+  }
+  // Convert "8.x" branch name into semvar.
+  elseif (preg_match('/^8.x-(\d+)\.x$/', $branch, $matches)) {
+    return $matches[1] . '.0.x';
+  }
+  // Invalid branch name.
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create semvar branches for each 8.x branch and move default if it is 8.x.
+ *
+ * @param object $project
+ *   The project object.
+ */
+function uw_wcms_tools_create_semvar(stdClass $project): void {
+  $branches = uw_wcms_tools_get_branch_names($project->id);
+
+  // Create semvar for each 8.x, unless it already exists.
+  foreach ($branches as $branch_orig) {
+    $branch_semvar = uw_wcms_tools_get_semvar_branch_name($branch_orig);
+    if ($branch_semvar && $branch_semvar !== $branch_orig) {
+      echo $branch_orig . ' -> ' . $branch_semvar . ': ';
+      if (in_array($branch_semvar, $branches, TRUE)) {
+        echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Already exists.\n", 'blue');
+      }
+      else {
+        echo 'Creating... ';
+        $params = [
+          'branch' => $branch_semvar,
+          'ref' => $branch_orig,
+        ];
+        $created_branch = uw_wcms_tools_query_gitlab_api('projects/' . $project->id . '/repository/branches', $params, 'POST');
+        if ($created_branch['http_status'] === 201) {
+          echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Done.\n", 'green');
+        }
+        else {
+          echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Error.\n", 'red');
+          var_dump($created_branch);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // If the default branch is 8.x, set to the corresponding semvar.
+  $branch_semvar = uw_wcms_tools_get_semvar_branch_name($project->default_branch);
+  if ($branch_semvar && $branch_semvar !== $project->default_branch) {
+    echo 'Update default: ' . $project->default_branch . ' -> ' . $branch_semvar . ' ';
+    $params = [
+      'default_branch' => $branch_semvar,
+    ];
+    $response = uw_wcms_tools_query_gitlab_api('projects/' . $project->id, $params, 'PUT');
+    if ($response['http_status'] === 200) {
+      echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Done.\n", 'green');
+    }
+    else {
+      echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Error.\n", 'red');
+      var_dump($response);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Return the most recent semvar branch.
+ *
+ * @param int $project_id
+ *   The project ID.
+ *
+ * @return string|null
+ *   The branch name or NULL if there are none that match.
+ */
+function uw_wcms_tools_get_branch_latest(int $project_id): ?string {
+  $branches = [];
+  foreach (uw_wcms_tools_get_branches($project_id) as $branch) {
+    if (preg_match('/^\d+\.\d+\.x$/', $branch->name)) {
+      $branches[] = $branch->name;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return uw_wcms_tools_version_compare_array($branches);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Return the default branch if semvar otherwise the most recent semvar branch.
+ *
+ * @param int $project_id
+ *   The project ID of the project to search.
+ *
+ * @return string|null
+ *   The branch name or NULL if there are none that match.
+ */
+function uw_wcms_tools_get_branch_default_or_latest(int $project_id): ?string {
+  $project = uw_wcms_tools_get_project($project_id);
+
+  $branch = uw_wcms_tools_get_semvar_branch_name($project->default_branch);
+  if (!$branch) {
+    $branch = uw_wcms_tools_get_branch_latest($project->id);
+  }
+  return $branch;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Return the current development and release branches.
+ *
+ * The dev branch is the default branch if it is valid, otherwise, the most
+ * recent valid branch. The release branch is the corresponding release branch.
+ *
+ * @param int $project_id
+ *   The project ID.
+ *
+ * @return array|null
+ *   NULL if no valid branches, otherwise an array with keys:
+ *    - dev: The semvar current development branch.
+ *    - rel: The semvar current release branch.
+ *    - tag_latest: The latest tag.
+ *    - tag_next: The next tag.
+ */
+function uw_wcms_tools_get_current_branches(int $project_id): ?array {
+  $dev_branch = uw_wcms_tools_get_branch_default_or_latest($project_id);
+
+  // Return early if no semvar branch.
+  if (!$dev_branch) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  $tag_latest = uw_wcms_tools_get_tag_latest($project_id, $dev_branch);
+  return [
+    'dev' => $dev_branch,
+    'rel' => 'prod/' . $dev_branch,
+    'tag_latest' => $tag_latest,
+    'tag_next' => uw_wcms_tools_next_semvar($tag_latest->name ?? $dev_branch),
+  ];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Merge project development to release branch and tag as next patch level.
+ *
+ * @param string $namespace
+ *   The GitLab namespace of the project to act on.
+ * @param string $path
+ *   The GitLab path of the project to act on.
+ */
+function uw_wcms_tools_gitlab_tag_release(string $namespace, string $path): void {
+  // Load project.
+  $project = uw_wcms_tools_get_project($namespace, $path);
+  if (!$project) {
+    throw new Exception('Invalid project.');
+  }
+
+  echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color('Project: ' . $project->path_with_namespace . "\n", 'blue');
+
+  echo "Ensuring this project has semvar branches...\n";
+  uw_wcms_tools_create_semvar($project);
+
+  $current_branches = uw_wcms_tools_get_current_branches($project->id);
+
+  $branch_names = uw_wcms_tools_get_branch_names($project->id);
+
+  // Update or create release branch.
+  if (in_array($current_branches['rel'], $branch_names)) {
+    echo 'Merge ' . $current_branches['dev'] . ' into ' . $current_branches['rel'] . '... ';
+
+    $release_branch = uw_wcms_tools_query_gitlab_api('projects/' . $project->id . '/repository/branches/' . urlencode($current_branches['rel']));
+    if ($release_branch['http_status'] !== 200) {
+      echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Error.\n", 'red');
+      var_dump($release_branch);
+      throw new Exception('Unable to load release branch.');
+    }
+
+    $dev_branch = uw_wcms_tools_query_gitlab_api('projects/' . $project->id . '/repository/branches/' . urlencode($current_branches['dev']));
+    if ($dev_branch['http_status'] !== 200) {
+      echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Error.\n", 'red');
+      var_dump($dev_branch);
+      throw new Exception('Unable to load development branch.');
+    }
+
+    // Create array of commit hashes of release branch tip and its parents.
+    $tip_and_parents_of_release = array_merge([$release_branch['body']->commit->id], $release_branch['body']->commit->parent_ids);
+    // Test if there is development since the last merge.
+    if (in_array($dev_branch['body']->commit->id, $tip_and_parents_of_release)) {
+      echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("No development. Nothing to tag.\n", 'green');
+      // Nothing to tag, so return now.
+      return;
+    }
+    else {
+      // Create merge request.
+      $params = [
+        'source_branch' => $current_branches['dev'],
+        'target_branch' => $current_branches['rel'],
+        'title' => 'Tag ' . $current_branches['tag_next'],
+      ];
+      $merge_request = uw_wcms_tools_query_gitlab_api('projects/' . $project->id . '/merge_requests', $params, 'POST');
+      if ($merge_request['http_status'] !== 201) {
+        echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Error.\n", 'red');
+        var_dump($merge_request);
+        throw new Exception('Unable to create merge request.');
+      }
+
+      // Accept (do) merge request.
+      // Accept will fail if it happens too soon after create.
+      sleep(1);
+      $params = [
+        'sha' => $dev_branch['body']->commit->id,
+      ];
+      $merge_request = uw_wcms_tools_query_gitlab_api('projects/' . $project->id . '/merge_requests/' . $merge_request['body']->iid . '/merge', $params, 'PUT');
+      if ($merge_request['http_status'] !== 200) {
+        echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Error.\n", 'red');
+        var_dump($merge_request);
+        throw new Exception('Unable to accept merge request.');
+      }
+
+      // Update release branch.
+      $release_branch = uw_wcms_tools_query_gitlab_api('projects/' . $project->id . '/repository/branches/' . urlencode($current_branches['rel']));
+      if ($release_branch['http_status'] !== 200) {
+        echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Error.\n", 'red');
+        var_dump($release_branch);
+        throw new Exception('Unable to load release branch after merge.');
+      }
+      echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Done.\n", 'green');
+    }
+  }
+  else {
+    echo 'Create ' . $current_branches['rel'] . ' from ' . $current_branches['dev'] . '... ';
+    $params = [
+      'branch' => $current_branches['rel'],
+      'ref' => $current_branches['dev'],
+    ];
+    $release_branch = uw_wcms_tools_query_gitlab_api('projects/' . $project->id . '/repository/branches', $params, 'POST');
+    if ($release_branch['http_status'] === 201) {
+      echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Done.\n", 'green');
+    }
+    else {
+      echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Error.\n", 'red');
+      var_dump($release_branch);
+      throw new Exception('Branch creation failed.');
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Create tag.
+  echo 'Tag ' . $current_branches['rel'] . ' as ' . $current_branches['tag_next'] . '... ';
+  // Check that there is not already a tag pointing at the branch tip.
+  $params = [
+    'type' => 'tag',
+  ];
+  $release_branch_tip_tags = uw_wcms_tools_query_gitlab_api('projects/' . $project->id . '/repository/commits/' . $release_branch['body']->commit->id . '/refs', $params);
+  if ($release_branch_tip_tags['http_status'] !== 200) {
+    echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Error.\n", 'red');
+    var_dump($release_branch_tip_tags);
+    throw new Exception('Reading tags at branch tip failed.');
+  }
+  elseif ($release_branch_tip_tags['body']) {
+    echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Branch tip already part of a tag. Nothing created.\n", 'yellow');
+  }
+  else {
+    // Do tag creation.
+    $params = [
+      'tag_name' => $current_branches['tag_next'],
+      'ref' => $release_branch['body']->commit->id,
+    ];
+    $new_tag = uw_wcms_tools_query_gitlab_api('projects/' . $project->id . '/repository/tags', $params, 'POST');
+    if ($new_tag['http_status'] === 201) {
+      echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Done.\n", 'green');
+    }
+    else {
+      echo uw_wcms_tools_shell_color("Error.\n", 'red');
+      var_dump($new_tag);
+      throw new Exception('Tag creation failed.');
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Return an array of WCMS projects in uw_base_profile composer.json.
+ *
+ * @return array[]
+ *   An array of project arrays with keys 'namespace' and 'path'.
+ */
+function uw_wcms_tools_gitlab_get_profile_projects(): array {
+  // Get composer.json from development branch in uw_base_profile.
+  $project = uw_wcms_tools_get_project('wcms', 'uw_base_profile');
+  $file_path = 'composer.json';
+  $params = [
+    'ref' => uw_wcms_tools_get_branch_default_or_latest($project->id),
+  ];
+  $composer = uw_wcms_tools_query_gitlab_api('projects/' . $project->id . '/repository/files/' . urlencode($file_path) . '/raw', $params);
+  if ($composer['http_status'] !== 200) {
+    throw new Exception('Unable to load ' . $file_path . ' from uw_base_profile.');
+  }
+
+  // Make an array of all projects in the 'wcms' group.
+  $profile_projects = [];
+  foreach (['require', 'require-dev'] as $type) {
+    if (isset($composer['body']->$type)) {
+      foreach (array_keys((array) $composer['body']->$type) as $project) {
+        list($project_arr['namespace'], $project_arr['path']) = explode('/', $project, 2);
+        if ($project_arr['namespace'] === 'wcms') {
+          $profile_projects[] = $project_arr;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return $profile_projects;
+}
diff --git a/uw_wcms_tools.lib.inc b/uw_wcms_tools.lib.inc
index 45dc91947d41db4dbafbcfa7b42a77cd6bc2a69b..e4c283edcb6ba818b42b7b37d7eacd0c8e92593d 100644
--- a/uw_wcms_tools.lib.inc
+++ b/uw_wcms_tools.lib.inc
@@ -56,6 +56,41 @@ function uw_wcms_tools_next_version($current = NULL) {
   return $core . '.x-' . $major . '.' . $minor;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Return the first or next semantic version number.
+ *
+ * @param string $version
+ *   The current version number or branch.
+ *
+ * @return string|null
+ *   If $version is a semvar version, return the next patch leve. If it is a
+ *   branch, such as 1.2.x return the first version on that branch. Otherwise,
+ *   return NULL.
+ */
+function uw_wcms_tools_next_semvar(string $version): ?string {
+  // Version number provided.
+  if (preg_match('/^(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)(-(?:alpha|beta|rc)\d+)?$/', $version, $matches)) {
+    $major = (int) $matches[1];
+    $minor = (int) $matches[2];
+    $patch = (int) $matches[3];
+
+    // Increment minor if version does not end with -alphaN, -betaN, or -rcN.
+    if (!isset($matches[4])) {
+      $patch++;
+    }
+  }
+  // Branch provided.
+  elseif (preg_match('/^(\d+)\.(\d+)\.x$/', $version, $matches)) {
+    $major = (int) $matches[1];
+    $minor = (int) $matches[2];
+    $patch = 0;
+  }
+  else {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  return $major . '.' . $minor . '.' . $patch;
+}
+
 /**
  * Parse a site makefile.
  *
@@ -146,3 +181,30 @@ function uw_wcms_tools_get_profile_makefile() {
 function uw_wcms_tools_remove_local_mod_version($tag) {
   return preg_replace('/-uw_(wcms|os)\d+$/', '', $tag);
 }
+
+/**
+ * Return text with shell coloring.
+ *
+ * @param string $string
+ *   The string to color.
+ * @param string $color
+ *   The color to make the text.
+ *
+ * @return string
+ *   $string starting with the color code and ending in the reset code.
+ */
+function uw_wcms_tools_shell_color(string $string, string $color): string {
+  static $colors = [
+    'black' => 30,
+    'red' => 31,
+    'green' => 32,
+    'yellow' => 33,
+    'blue' => 34,
+    'purple' => 35,
+    'cyan' => 36,
+    'white' => 37,
+  ];
+  static $reset = "\e[0m";
+
+  return "\e[0;" . $colors[$color] . 'm' . $string . $reset;
+}